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The spreading into rays was called dispersion by Newton and he called the different coloured rays the spectrum. He learnt that when the light rays were passed again through a prism the rays turned back into white light. If only one ray was passed through the prism it would come out the same colour as it went in. Newton concluded that white light was made up of seven different coloured rays. They are just one part of the electromagnetic spectrum... the part (frequencies) that are visible/discernable to the human eye. There are also a plethora of frequencies and colors in between these seven colors and ones we can't see, for instance radio ways, ultra-violet and infra-red.
Notice the first, third and fifth colors are red, yellow and blue.
C | D | E | F | G | A | B |
Root | Second | Third | Fourth | Fifth | Sixth | Seventh |
E | F# | G# | A | B | C# | D# |
There are also an abundance of other frequencies (tones/vibrations) in the sound spectrum, but the notes in the scale will repeat themselves the further higher and lower you go up and down in frequency. Notes of the same tone but different pitch are called octaves, for instance, "A-440" is an abbreviation for the official government standard of musical pitch in the United States. Related to pianos, it means that the strings for the "A" just above "middle C" should vibrate at 440 cycles per second. Higher and lower A's will vibrate at 880 and 220 respectively. (notice the frequencies are equal divisors of each other... either double or half)
The light waves (electromagnectic spectrum) are also doing this, we just can't see the higher and lower frequencies because unlike intermittent sounds, we are constantly being bombarded with light, radio and other waves. If we could actually see all of them, it would probably appear as just a big soupy mess... an analogy using sound would be like hitting all of the piano keys at the same time. I guess our brains just picked out a nice section of the electromagnetic field (the scale of light) and made it visible. So, there are seven color frequencies and seven sound frequencies used by our eyes and ears for sight, hearing, art, music, painting, song writing, etc.
The Color Wheel
A color circle, based on red, yellow and blue, is traditional in the field of art. Sir Isaac Newton developed the first circular diagram of colors in 1666. Since then scientists and artists have studied and designed numerous variations of this concept. Differences of opinion about the validity of one format over another continue to provoke debate. In reality, any color circle or color wheel which presents a logically arranged sequence of pure hues has merit. |
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Primary Colors Red, yellow and blue |
Secondary Colors Green, orange and purple |
Tertiary Colors Yellow-orange, red-orange, red-purple, blue-purple, blue-green and yellow-green. |
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In traditional color theory, these are the 3 pigment colors that can not be mixed or formed by any combination of other colors. All other colors are derived from these 3 hues | These are the colors formed by mixing the primary colors. | These are the colors formed by mixing one primary and one secondary color |
The first, third and fifth colors of the rainbow are Primary colors... red, yellow and blue.
The first, third and fifth notes of a major scale are Major chords... root, third and fifth.
Something quite amazing happens when we tie all of this information together (that's Physics, Optics, Light, Sight, Sound, Hearing, Art, Music, Neuroscience) and line up the two groups of seven up together...
Primary Colors are Major Chords!
Red Root |
Orange Second |
Yellow Third |
Green Fourth |
Blue Fifth |
Indigo Sixth |
Violet Seventh |
If you could actually "hear" the extremely high frequencies the red, yellow and blue (primary color) light waves are vibrating at... you would hear a Major chord.
If you could "see" the sound of notes in a major chord relative to the same "rainbow scale" used by light... you would see notes and chords in primary color just like way they are used in the chord diagram program above.